Many times we find an individual getting severe life threatening anaphylactic reaction or severe adverse drug reactions, with a small dose of a drug, such reactions may take on patients life or leaves behind lifelong damage within patients body.
Scientists at US FDA have now revealed mechanism by which a drug induces allergic reactions, in human body. They have found that allergic reactions induced with drug are caused due to induction of autoimmune allergic reactions.
This finding now could be used to develop new drugs which will not cause any allergenic reaction or it could be used for providing tailor made drug therapy for an individual suffering with such auto immune disease defect. (Personalized drug)
To find out what exactly happens when a drug in taken by a patient and it causes allergic reactions, drug Abacavir was selected for study, Abacavir is used to treat HIV infection and is a typical drug which causes allergic reactions.
To attribute induction of autoimmune mechanism for allergic drug induced reactions, Abacavir‘s ability to present normal human protein to our body as foreign proteins was studied which showed that abacavir increased amount of normal human body proteins being presented to our body as foreign antigens mediated through Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs), HLA-B*5701, which is responsible for development of allergic reactions ( Autoimmune condition ).
Following are some categories of drugs known to cause allergic reactions:
Antibiotics : Penicillin, Tetracycline , sulfa drugs
Non steroidal anti inflammatory against, steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs CNS depressant: codeine
CNS depressant drugs, anticonvulsant drugs : Phenetoin , carbamazepine
Peptide drugs, drugs which are derived from animal origin or from plant algae and fungi.
Example insulin derived from animal source.
Drugs which are compounds of Iodine, X-ray contrast media
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